Showing posts with label Litterateur. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Litterateur. Show all posts

kahlil Gibran Biography - Best Poet And Writter


Kahlil Gibran was born on January 6, 1883 at Beshari, Lebanon. Beshari itself is an area frequently visited by hurricanes, earthquakes and lightning. No wonder if since childhood, Gibran was used to catch the eyes of the phenomena of nature. That later influenced his writings about nature.

At age 10, with his mother and two younger sisters, Gibran moved to Boston, USA. No wonder if then small Gibran experiencing culture shock, such as those experienced by many other immigrants who came to the United States poured at the end of the 19th century. Gibran joy in public school in Boston, filled with the language and acculturation style shaped by patterns of American life. However, the process of Americanization Gibran lasted only three years because after that he returned to as Beirut, where he studied at the Madrasa Al-Hikmat (School of Wisdom) from 1898 to 1901.

During early adolescence, his home and his vision of the future began to take shape. The tyranny of the Ottoman Empire, the hypocrisy of the church organization, and the role of the West Asian women are just as devout, inspiring outlook which then poured into his works in Arabic.

Gibran again left his homeland when he was 19 years old, but his mind could never escape from Lebanon. Lebanon has become his inspiration. In Boston he wrote about his country to express themselves. These were later actually gave the freedom to combine two different cultural experiences into one.

Gibran wrote his first drama in Paris from 1901 to 1902. When was the age of 20 years. His first work, "Spirits Rebellious" written in Boston and published in New York, which contains four stories as a satire of contemporary hardware subjugate corrupt people he saw. Consequently, Gibran received punishment in the form of exclusion from the Maronite church. However, Gibran's innuendos suddenly regarded as the voice of hope and liberation for the oppressed in West Asia.

The days of making himself while in Paris disintegrated when Gibran received word from the Consulate General of Turkey, that a tragedy had destroyed his family. His sister was the youngest 15 years old, Sultana, died of tuberculosis.

Gibran right back to Boston. His brother, Peter, a shop assistant who became the foundation of life brothers and his mother died of tuberculosis. Mother worship and adore, We're the guys, also had died of a malignant tumor. Only his sister, Marianna, remains, and he haunted by the trauma of illness and family poverty. Death of a beloved family member that occurred between March and June 1903. Gibran and his sister then had to sustain a family who did not complete it and strive to maintain its survival.

In the early years of their life together, Marianna finance the publication of the works of Gibran costs obtained from the sew in Miss Teahan's Gowns. Thanks to the hard work of his brother, Gibran's career can continue keseniman and kesasteraannya are still preliminary.

In 1908 Gibran stopover in Paris again. Here he lived happy that routinely receive enough money from Mary Haskell, a woman principal who was 10 years older, but is known to have a special relationship with him since I was living in Boston. From 1909 to 1910, he studied at the School of Beaux Arts and the Julian Academy. Back to Boston, Gibran set up a studio in West Cedar Street in the city of Beacon Hill. He also took over the financing of his family.

In 1911 Gibran moved to New York. In New York Gibran's work in his studio apartment at 51 West Tenth Street, a building that was deliberately set up to where he painted and wrote.

Prior to 1912 "Broken Wings" was published in Arabic. This book tells the story of love Selma Karami to his pupils. However, Selma had become its own nephew's fiance before he married to a husband who is a bishop who opportunist. Gibran's work is often regarded as his autobiography.

Effect of "Broken Wings" was very big in the Arab world because here for the first time Arab women are subordinated to have the opportunity to speak that they are the wives who have a right to protest the power structure set out in the marriage. First printing "Broken Wings" is dedicated to Mary Haskell.

Gibran was very productive and life experience much difference in subsequent years. In addition to writing in Arabic, he also continued to refine and develop mastery of English kesenimanannya. When a major war in Lebanon, Gibran became an observer of the non-government for the people of Syria who live in America.

When Gibran adult, his views on the East dimmed. Pierre Loti, a French novelist, who was very enamored with the Eastern world on Gibran once said, if this is so pathetic! Knowingly or not, Gibran did have learned to admire the greatness of the West.

Prior to 1918, Gibran was ready to launch his first works in English, "The Madman", "His Parables and Poems". Close friendship between Mary depicted in "The Madman". After "The Madman", the English-speaking Gibran book is "Twenty Drawing", 1919: "The Forerunne", 1920, and "The Prophet" in 1923, these works are a way for him to understand the world as adults and as a school student in Lebanon, written in Arabic, but not published, and then expanded again to be re-written in English in the year 1918-1922.

Before the publication of "The Prophet", a close relationship between Mary and Gibran began is unclear. Mary proposed Florance Minis, a wealthy businessman from Georgia. He offered Mary a life of luxury and urged him to abdicate responsibility education. Although relations Mary and Gibran was originally characterized by a variety of considerations and discussions about the possibility of their marriage, but basically the principles of Mary during these many different Gibran. Their impatience in building close relationships and their rejection of marriage clearly had penetrated into the relationship. Mary finally received Florance Minis.

In 1920 Gibran founded an association called Arrabithah Arab writer Al Alamia (Association of Writers). The purpose of this bond overhaul the stagnant Arab literature. Along with the rising reputation of Gibran, he has many admirers. One of them is Barbara Young. He knew after reading Gibran "The Prophet". Barbara Young himself is the owner of a bookstore that had previously been an English teacher. During the 8 years of living in New York, Barbara Young participate actively in the activities of the studio Gibran.

Gibran finish "Sand and Foam" 1926, and "Jesus the Son of Man" in 1928. He also read a drama script writing, "Lazarus" on January 6, 1929. After that Gibran completing "The Earth Gods" in 1931. His other works "The Wanderer", which has been in the hands of Mary, was published anonymously in 1932, after his death. Also other writings "The Garden of the Propeth".

On 10 April 1931 at 11:00 PM, Gibran died. His body has long encroached cirrhosis of the liver and tuberculosis, but this time he refused to be hospitalized. On the last morning, he was taken to St. Vincent's Hospital in Greenwich Village.

The next day Marianna sent a telegram to Mary in Savannah to proclaim the death of this poet. Despite having to take care of her husband who was also suffering from pain, Mary still found time to mourn Gibran.

Gibran body was then buried on 21 August in Ma Sarkis, a Carmelite monastery where Gibran once did worship.

After the death of Gibran, Barbara Younglah who knows the ins and outs of the studio, heritage and legacy land Gibran. Also a piece of paper that reads, "In my heart there is still a desire to help the East, because he had a lot of help."

Material summarized from:
Book: 10 Life Story Writer World
Title: Khalil Gibran
Editor: Anton WP and Yudhi Herwibowo
Publisher: Solo Katta, 2005
Pages: 63-70


Ref : http://chahndeso.wordpress.com/2008/01/21/biografi-kahlil-gibran-1883-1931/

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Chairil Anwar Biography - Development Of Indonesian Literature


Chairil Anwar
Chairil Anwar was born in Medan, 26 Julai 1922. He grew up in a pretty mess. Both mother and father divorced, and his father berkahwin again. After the divorce, when finished high school, Chairil followed his mother to Jakarta. Childhood in Medan, Chairil very tight with his grandmother. Familiarity is so giving the impression to live Chairil.

In a rare life grieving, is one of the greatest pain when her grandmother died. Chairil portray grief in extraordinary poignant poem:


Bukan kematian benar yang menusuk kalbu/ Keridlaanmu menerima segala tiba/ Tak kutahu setinggi itu atas debu/ Dan duka maha tuan bertahta 

Not really a stabbing death of heart / Keridlaanmu receive all arriving / No I know that high on dust / And grief almighty lord reigns


After the grandmother, the mother was the second woman Chairil puja. He even used to count his father's name, Sincere, in front of the mother, as a sign of the fate of the mother menyebelahi. And in front of his mother, Chairil often lose a wild side. Some poems Chairil also showed his love for his mother.

Since childhood, the spirit of the famous Chairil kedegilannya. A close friend Sjamsul Ridwan, never make a living writing about Anwar when as a child. According to him, one of the properties Chairil in childhood is defeated abstinence, abstinence both lost in a competition, and in getting his heart. Willingness and desire to get that causes his soul is always overflowing, burning, virtually never stands still.

His colleague, Jassin also have memories of this. "We played badminton together, and he lost. But he did not admit defeat, and invites play continues. Eventually I lost. All that kerana we played in front of the girls. "

Women are the world Chairil after book. Carrying the name of Ida, Sri Ayati, Girl Rashid, Mirat, and Roosmeini as the girl who chased Chairil. And all the girl's name even into poetry Chairil. However, the girl Falkirk, Hapsah, Chairil been married.

The marriage was not long-lived. Due to economic hardship, and Chairil lifestyle that has not changed, Hapsah asked for a divorce. When her son was 7 months, Chairil was a widower.

Shortly afterwards, at 15.15 pm, 28 April 1949, Chairil died. There are several versions about the illness. But definitely, chronic tuberculosis and syphilis.

Age Chairil Anwar is short, 27 years.(1922-1949) But short it left a lot of things for the development of Indonesian literature. Instead he became the best example, for the attitude that did not mean it in the art wrestle. It is this attitude that makes her, Evawani Anwar, a notary in Bekasi, to apologize, when the death of his father, in 1999, "I am sorry, because I now live in a world of conflict with Anwar world."

Here is a poem by the famous Anwar titled "AKU"
In Indonesian

AKU


Oleh :
Chairil Anwar
Kalau sampai waktuku
‘Ku mau tak seorang ‘kan merayu
Tidak juga kau
Tak perlu sedu-sedan itu
Aku ini binatang jalan
Dari kumpulannya terbuang
Biar peluru menembus kulitku
Aku tetap meradang menerjang
Luka dan bisa kubawa berlari
Berlari
Hingga hilang pedih peri
Dan aku akan lebih tidak perduli
Aku mau hidup seribu tahun lagi
Pembangoenan,
No. 1, Th. I
10 Desember 1945.

In English


I Am

by:
Anwar

If it comes my time
'I want no one' right to woo
Nor do you
Needless sobs that
I am the beast
Of herd wasted
Let the bullet penetrate my skin
I still inflamed crashing
Luka and I can take running
run
Until lost poignant fairy
And I would not care
I want to live a thousand years

Pembangoenan,
No. 1, Th. I
December 10, 1945


Ref : http://whandi.net/index.php?pilih=news&mod=yes&aksi=lihat&id=2256
http://galigongli.wordpress.com/category/manuskrips-sastra-indonesia/khairil-anwar/
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Soe Hok Gie Biography - Litterateur From Indonesian


Soe Hok Gie is a person of Chinese descent who was born on December 17, 1942 (born in Djakarta, December 17, 1942 - died on Mount Semeru, December 16, 1969 at the age of 26 years). A son of the couple Soe Lie Pit-a novelist-with Nio Hoe An. Soe Hok Gie is the fourth of five children of the family Soe Lie Piet aka Salam Sutrawan, Soe Hok Gie is the younger sister of Soe Hok Djie which is also known as Arief Budiman. Since still in school, and Soe Hok Gie Soe Hok Djin is frequently visited public libraries and some libraries on sidewalks in Jakarta.

Since still in school, and Soe Hok Gie Soe Hok Djin is frequently visited public libraries and some libraries on sidewalks in Jakarta. According to one researcher, since I was elementary school (SD), Soe Hok Gie even read the works of serious literature, such as works of Pramoedya Ananta Toer. Perhaps because his father was also a writer, so do not be surprised if he was so close to the literature.

After graduating from elementary school, the brothers chose different schools, Hok Djin (Arief Budiman) chose to go Canisius, while Soe Hok Gie choose a school in Junior High School (SMP) Strada Gambir area. That said, while sitting on the bench, he was a copy of a collection of short stories Pramoedya: "The story of Blora"-not stories Pram including rare at that time?

At the time of the second grade at the school this menangah, Soe Hok Gie bad achievement. In fact he was required to repeat. But what Soe Hok Gie reaction? He did not want to repeat, he was treated unfairly. Finally, he chose to move the school from having to sit longer in school. A Protestant Christian schools allow him to enter the third grade without repeating.

Following from junior high school, she managed to get into Menengan School (SMA) Canisius literature majors. While his brother, Hok Djin, also went to the same school, but other majors, the natural sciences.

While in high school Soe Hok Gie is an interest in literature more deeply, and at the same time he became interested in the history of science. In addition, awareness berpolitiknya began to rise. From here, the beginning of an exciting journey of recording it; writing is sharp and full of criticism.

There are good things measured during studying in high school, Soe Hok Gie and his brother managed to graduate with high marks. Kemuidan sisters went to the University of Indonesia. Soe Hok Gie choose the faculty of arts majoring in history, while Hok Djin into the psychology faculty.

In the Gie is an activist college student. Many believe the movement Gie major effect on the fall of Sukarno and among the first to criticize sharply the New Order regime.

Gie very disappointed with the attitude of my friends are in the era contemporaries demonstrations in 66 criticize and condemn the government officials then after they pass pro to it and forget the vision and mission of the armed struggle 66. Gie indeed be difficult to oposisif and to compromise with the opposition.

It also co-founded Mapala Gie UI. One important activity is hiking. At 3.442m Slamet led mountain climbing, he cites Walt Whitman in his diary, "Now I see the secret of the making of the best persons. It is to grow in the open air and to eat and sleep with the earth ".

Thoughts and football terjangnya recorded in his diary. His thoughts about humanity, about life, love and death. Gie in 1968 had been to America and Australia, and his favorite LPs Joan Baez seized at Sydney airport for being anti-war and communist. Gie graduated in 1969 and continued to be a lecturer at his alma mater.

Together Mapala UI Gie planning to conquer Mount Semeru in height 3.676m. When Mapala seeking funding, many are asking why climb a mountain and Gie said to his friends:

"We explain what exactly our goal. We say that we are human beings who do not believe in the slogan. Patriotism is not likely to grow out of hypocrisy and slogans. A person can only love something healthy if he knew the object. And love my homeland Indonesia Indonesia can be grown along with familiar people up close. The growth of a healthy soul of the youth should also mean a healthy physical growth. That's why we go up the mountain. "

December 8 before leaving Gie could write a note: "I do not know what happened to me. Once I heard of the death of Kian Fong Arief last Sunday. I also had the feeling to always remember death. I want to chat-chat before saying goodbye to semeru. With Maria, Rina, and also wanted to make an intimate event with Sunarti. I guess this is the effect of the death of Kian Fong is so strange and so fast. "Hok Gie died on Mount Semeru in 1969 just a day before the birthday-27 from inhaling toxic fumes in the mountain. He died along with his partner, Idhan Dhanvantari Lubis. Further notes during the Mount Semeru disappeared along with the death of Gie on top of the mountain.

December 24, 1969 GIE buried in Menteng Pulo, but two days later was transferred to Kober cemetery, Tanah Abang. In 1975 Ali Sadikin unload Kober cemetery that had to be moved again, but the family refused and his friends had remembered that when he died his body should be burned and the ashes spread in the mountain. With these considerations ultimately Gie bones cremated and the ashes scattered on the top of Mount Pangrango.

Some of the quotes are taken from his diary Gie:

"A Greek philosopher once wrote ... best of luck is not born, second born but died young, and the tersial is old age. The feeling is so. Bahagialah those who die young. "

"Life now is really boring me. I feel like an old monkey confined to a zoo and not have to work anymore. I want to feel rough and tough life ... rubbed by a cold wind like a knife, cutting woods or walking and bathing in a small river ... people like us did not deserve to die in bed. "

"The most valuable and essential in life is to be loving, be compassionate heart, grief can be tasted ..."

In addition to records of a Demonstrator, another book written Soe Hok Gie is Transition Period, Under the Red Lantern (which I do not have) and the People Left at the Crossroads Road DR and scientific research. John Maxwell Soe Hok Gie: Intellectual Struggle Against Tyranny Young.

Next year Mira Lesmana and Riri Reza with Miles Productions will launch a movie called "GIE" which will be played by Nicholas Saputra, Sita Nursanti, Wulan Guritno, Lukman Sardi and Thomas Nawilis. Now in its post production stage.

Note a Demonstrator

John Maxwell commented, "Gie just a student with a background that is not too great. But he had the will involved in the movement. He always wanted to know what happened to his people. Though died young, he left many writings. Among the kinds of diaries and articles published in national newspapers "he said. "I interviewed Mira Lesmana (producer GIE) and Riri Reza (director). He came after reading my book. I hope the film will be a success. Because, if that happens, people will be more familiar with Soe Hok Gie, "he said.

Words Soe Hok Gie

  • The first question we have to answer is: Who am I? I have replied that I was an intellectual who did not pursue power but one who wants to declare the truth. And I am willing to face non-populeran, because there is something bigger: the truth.
  • As for me politics is the dirtiest item. Mud-dirty mud. But one day where we can not avoid myself again, then plunge.
  • Teachers who can not stand criticism allowed in the waste basket. Lord and Master is not always right, and the student is not buffalo.
  • Best of luck is not born, second born but died young, and that is the age old tersial. The feeling is so. Bahagialah those who died young.
  • I decided that I would stick with my principles. Exiled better than succumb to hypocrisy.
  • My greatest dream, I want to implement is, for Indonesian students develop into "ordinary human beings". Being young men and women and women who acted as a normal human being, as a man who did not deny the existence of life as a student, as a young man and as a human being.
  • I want to see students, when if he had a decision that has political meaning, no matter how small, is always based on the principles of the adult. Those who dare to express true as truth, and one as an error. And it does not apply the truth on the basis of religion, community organizations, or any group.
  • There are still too many students who minded snobs power. Whimpering when pressed, but the oppressive when in power. Concerned groups, organizations, friends and others seideologi. Every year my brothers came out of high school. They will become new victims to be deceived by such a student figures earlier.
  • World history is the history of extortion. Is without a history of extortion does not exist? Is no sadness, no betrayal, history will not be born?
  • For me the struggle must remain. Attempt removal of the blindness, to betrayal, to all the non-gala humanist ...
  • We seem to celebrate democracy, but cut the tongue of people who dare to express their opinion adverse government.
  • For me TRUTH despite how painful it better than hypocrisy. And we do not have to feel ashamed of their shortcomings.
  • Cut the legs and insert one's hand in a 2 x 3 feet and give him freedom. This is the freedom of the press in Indonesia.
  • To be a human is to be destroyed.
  • I do not want to be a bamboo tree, I want to be a bold oak tree against the wind.
  • I decided that I would be a demonstration. Because silence is a crime errors.
  • I'm not an idealist anymore, I'm a bitter realist.
  • I suppose I could no longer cry the blues. Just anger that makes me tears.
  • For me there is something that is most precious and essential in life: to love, be compassionate heart, grief can be tasted.
  • I do not know why, I feel a little melancholy tonight. I see the lights and traffic cones jakarta with new colors. As if everything is translated into a combination of a human face. Everything feels intimate but empty. It's as if I feel myself loose and the shadows are there to be poetic one in the streets. Very strong affection to overwhelm me. I would like to give something in human love, the dogs in the street, on the all-everything.
  • No more hate on anyone. Any religion, any race and any nation. And forget about the war and hatred. And just busy with the construction of a better world.

Reference :
- http://prasetyaade.blogspot.com/2006/12/presiden-soekarno-presiden-pertama.html
- http://yulian.firdaus.or.id/2004/12/16/soe-hok-gie/
- http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soe_Hok_Gie
- http://dasonly.blogspot.com/2009/05/soe-hok-gie-dalam-kata-kata.html
Description: Soe Hok Gie Biography - Litterateur From Indonesian
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